Measurement Simplified: A Clear Framework for L&D Success

We have more than 100 measures for learning and development (L&D). So, it is completely understandable that many L&D practitioners feel overwhelmed by it all. They aren’t sure where to start or how to proceed, even though there are many books, webinars, and articles offering guidance.

The Need for a Standardized Framework

What has been lacking in our profession is a comprehensive framework for measurement and standardization of names, definitions and formulas for the measures. Frameworks, common language and standard guidance have helped other professions advance. For example, chemistry has the periodic table, biology has a classification structure for all living organisms, and astronomy has a classification system for celestial bodies.

In particular, accountants have this type of guidance in the Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP) in the United States and the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) globally. Accounting measures are divided into four categories (income, expenses, assets and liabilities). There are standards names and definitions. Last, there are three primary reports to share the accounting data (income statement, balance sheet, and cash flow statement). GAAP and IFRS make it easier for accountants to communicate and do their work.

Introduction to Talent Development Reporting Principles (TDRP)

Enter Talent Development Reporting Principles (TDRP). Developed by a group of 30 practitioners and thought leaders from 2010-2012, TDRP provides a GAAP-like framework and classification system for L&D as well as for all key HR processes, including L&D, leadership development, talent acquisition, performance management, capability management and compensation & benefits. TDRP was designed to not only provide a framework but to recommend a starting list of measures and reports as well as provide guidance on how to run learning with business-like discipline.

The Three Categories of TDRP Measures

Where GAAP has four categories of measures, TDRP has three: efficiency, effectiveness, and outcome.

  • Efficiency measures focus on quantity, such as the number of participants, number of courses, and cost.
  • Effectiveness measures focus on quality and include four of the familiar five levels from Katzel, Kirkpatrick, and Phillips (Level 1: participant reaction, Level 2: learning, Level 3: application, and Level 5: ROI).
  • Outcome measures elevate Level 4 (results or impact) to its own category, as it is what CEOs most want to see and are unlikely to get from their L&D department.

The 100+ L&D measures are divided into these three categories, simplifying discussions and providing clear guidance.

TDRP recommends balancing efficiency and effectiveness measures at both the program and department levels:

  • Program Level
    • Efficiency measures: number of participants, completion rate, completion date, and cost.
    • Effectiveness measures: Levels 1, 2, and 3; Level 5 ROI for important programs.
    • Outcome measures: Level 4 outcomes for key programs (e.g., sales or safety training).
  • Department Level
    • Aggregated efficiency measures: total number of participants, percentage of courses completed on time.
    • Aggregated effectiveness measures: average Levels 1, 2, and 3, plus a listing of ROIs for courses measured at that level.
    • Outcome measures: listing for key courses.

Types of Reports in TDRP

With measures selected, the next question is how to share the data. TDRP identifies five types of reports based on the purpose of measurement:

  1. Scorecards and Dashboards – Provide basic data (e.g., how many participants completed courses by month).
  2. Threshold-Based Scorecards/Dashboards – Monitor historical performance to ensure thresholds are met.
  3. Program Evaluation Reports – Evaluate a program’s effectiveness by documenting purpose, context, plans, results, and lessons learned.
  4. Custom Analysis Reports – Present statistical analyses to test hypotheses (e.g., more training leads to higher engagement and retention).
  5. Management Reports – Answer two key questions for program management: Are we on track year-to-date? Are we expected to end the year on plan?

Simplifying L&D Measurement

In conclusion, TDRP offers GAAP-like guidance to classify and recommend measures and reports, which vastly simplifies L&D measurement and reporting. TDRP also recommends standard names and definitions for measures to make communication easier and to increase the accuracy of benchmarking.

Learn More

Learn more about TDRP by registering for our March 6-9 virtual Measurement Simplified workshop, which includes a copy of Measurement Demystified by David Vance and Peggy Parskey.

About the Author

Dave Vance is the author of The Business of Learning: How to Manage Corporate Training to Improve Your Bottom Line, Second Edition and co-author of Measurement Demystified: Creating Your Measurement, Analytics, and Reporting Strategy and Measurement Demystified Field Guide.